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Varicella-Zoster Virus (Zona Virus)

on May 25, 2021

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What Is Melanoma?

on May 21, 2021

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What Is Furosemide?

on May 21, 2021

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What Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

on May 21, 2021

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Diarrhea- Definition, Type Of Diarrhea And Causes, Symptoms, Type Of Stool, Diagnosis, And Management

I. Introduction Diarrhea is a common disease that frequently occurs in developing countries more than developed counties due to their living conditions and the knowledge related to hygiene and also the environment surrounded them. Throughout the world, that kind of disease rate is much higher in young children. II. Definition Diarrhea is a symptom that is caused by many diseases responded by the intestinal tract that can make you have diarrhea all day. It is classified based on the duration of the symptom and other features. Diarrhea is defined as an increase in the number of stools (3 or more per 24h), the fluidity of stool or liquid poop ( clear liquid poor), or the presence of blood (bloody diarrhea) and mucus with increased neutrophil polymorphs in the stool that can provoke patient diarrhea and fever. III. Type of diarrhea and causes A clinical classification based on the duration of diarrhea and stool character is important to identify the exact diagnosis. Acute...

What Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?

I. Definition : Irritable syndrome is a functional bowel disorder that most patients who come to the hospital complaining about abdominal pain or discomfort in the absence of detectable abnormality in the body. Throughout the world, around 10 to 20% of adults and adolescents have symptoms consistent with IBS ( Irritable bowel syndrome) and mostly affects the only female. IBS can be confused with other functional disorders such as fibromyalgia , headache, backache, and genitourinary symptoms. Diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome Recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort at least 3 days per month in the last 3 months and can be associated with 2 or more of the following : 1/. Improvement with defecation 2/. Changes in frequency of stool 3/. Change in the form ( appearance ) of stool II. Clinical findings : Irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) affects all ages, most of the patients have the symptoms before age 45. Women are diagnosed with IBS...

What Is Melanoma?

I. Definition Melanoma is a malignant tumor that develops from melanocytes( the cells that produce melanin). II. Epidemiology Melanoma often occurs at the age between 50 to 60. It is rare for children before reaching puberty. It mostly affects white people more than black and Asian people. Ultraviolet light (UV) is one of the factors that can contribute to the disease. Around 10% of melanoma are developed from a family that we call ‘ familial melanoma ‘.There are so many genes that are considered as the main factors, but the most risk genes are CDKN2A , mutation of the tumor suppressor genes observed in 10% to 30% of familial forms. III.Risk factors -Familial melanoma background -Light skin and hair -Have a lot of nevi -Have a history of burned skin or staying too long under the sunlight IV. Diagnosis -Basically, we diagnose the melanoma by inspection(appearance) or we can use dermoscopy. The positive diagnostic is confirmed by anatomy pathology examinatio...

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